SEATTLE —?Three voices. Three acts of defiance. One mass injustice.

As the nation comes to a reckoning with a wave of anti-Asian violence that is ??????? ??????? ???? ?????rooted in a history of systemic exclusion and racism, the Wing Luke Museum and Chin Music Press are publishing a graphic novel that sheds new light on a major part of that history – the World War II exclusion and incarceration of Japanese Americans.

“We Hereby Refuse: Japanese American Resistance to Wartime Incarceration” is the story of camp as you’ve never seen it before. While they complied when evicted from their homes in 1942, many refused to submit to imprisonment in American concentration camps without a fight. Based upon painstaking research, “We Hereby Refuse” presents an original vision of America’s past with disturbing links to the American present.

In this groundbreaking graphic novel, we meet:

Jim Akutsu, the inspiration for John Okada’s acclaimed novel “No-No Boy,” who refuses to be drafted from the camp at Minidoka, Idaho after the Selective Service classifies him not as a citizen but as an enemy alien;

Hiroshi Kashiwagi, who resists government pressure to sign a loyalty oath at Tule Lake, but yields to family pressure to renounce his U.S. citizenship, putting himself at risk of deportation;

Mitsuye Endo, a reluctant recruit to a lawsuit contesting her imprisonment, who refuses a chance to leave the camp at Topaz, Utah so that her case could reach the U.S. Supreme Court. For the first time, we see Mitzi Endo as a person and not just a name on a legal brief.

Through these characters, we see the devastating impacts of mass incarceration based solely on race, reveal the depth and breadth of the long-suppressed story of camp resistance, and locate the government’s wartime actions in the continuum of systemic exclusion of Asian Americans.

“We Hereby Refuse” is set for publication on May 18. This project was funded, in part, by a grant from the U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Japanese American Confinement Sites Grant Program.

The project’s webpage can be found at: wingluke.org/we-hereby-refuse. An associated Educators’ Guide will be available from May 18 at curriculum.wingluke.org.

About the authors:

Frank Abewrote and directed a PBS film on the largest organized resistance to incarceration, “Conscience and the Constitution.” He won an American Book Award for “John Okada: The Life and Rediscovered Work of the Author of ‘No-No Boy’” and is co-editing a new anthology of incarceration literature for Penguin Classics. He blogs at http://Resisters.com.

Tamiko Nimurais an Asian American (Sansei/Pinay) writer living in Tacoma, Wash. Her training in community journalism, literature, and American ethnic studies (M.A., Ph.D., University of Washington) prepared her to research, document, and tell the stories of people of color. She can be found at http://tamikonimura.net.

About the illustrators:

Ross Ishikawais a cartoonist and animator living in Seattle. He is working on a graphic novel about his parents and their coming of age during World War II. His work is online at http://rossishikawa.com.

Matt Sasakiis the artist on the previous volume in this series, “Fighting for America: Nisei Soldiers.” He lives with his wife and dog north of Seattle. Samples of his work are online at http://mattsasaki.com.

The publishing team:

The Wing Luke Museum of the Asian Pacific American Experience, located in the heart of Seattle’s Chinatown-International District, connects people to the dynamic history, cultures, and art of Asian Pacific Americans through vivid storytelling and inspiring experiences to advance racial and social equity. The museum is a Smithsonian affiliate and a National Park Service Affiliated Area. www.wingluke.org

Chin Music Pressis an independent book publisher in Seattle’s historic Pike Place Market dedicated to creating beautiful, engaging, and affordable books that bring marginalized topics into the mainstream. www.chinmusicpress.com

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